Does the Autistic Brain Differ?

"Biological Test Provides Accurate, Objective Evidence of Autism" the headline on Dec 1, 2010 from Medscape Medical News screams.

Ah, such statement still represents wishful thinking. The study, done at Harvard, studied the brain's white matter of 30 high-funtioning autistic people 7 to 28 years old. They found "less information was being exchanged in the key areas of the brain responsible for language, social functioning, and emotional behavior." This is fine. But do the results justify the headline? No. There is a chicken-and-the-egg problem and a comparison problem-- is the abnormal white structure the casue of autism or the result of autism? Does it cause the person to exchange less info? Or the years of practising less info exchange cause the white matter to deteriorate? Obviously one needs to look at white matter of very young autistic children like one to two years old, and we need a control group of normal children, or a group of developmentally delayed children, to see if their white matter is already different at that age.

Studies without control groups, even done at Harvard, don't hold much water. Without these experimental analyses, one can't proclaim cause for autism and biological diagnosis of it.

So sorry parents, more to the drawing board.

A more convincing study suggests that the mitochondria DNA in the brain is deficient in autistic children. Published in the Journal of the American Medical Association (Dec, 2010) by Dr. Giulivi of UC Davis, the study used a control group of normal children ages 2-5 to compare with a group of 20 autistic children of the same ages, and found significant abnormalities of mitochondrial DNA, an important component in supplying energy to the brain, in the latter. Although such abnormalities are also observed in Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder as Dr. Giulivi pointed out, its presence in young autistic children contributes to how the brain of autistic people might be inherently different and furthers understanding of the etiology of autism.

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